Introduction
This report analyses long-term trends in Romanian agricultural production based on Eurostat's Economic Accounts for Agriculture (EAA). The data, expressed as a year-on-year index (n-1 = 100), show real changes in output volumes across major product categories — from cereals and vegetables to livestock and dairy — offering insight into the structure and performance of the Romania's farming sector.
Overall Crop Output
In 2024, crop output volume in Romania decreased to 89.93 index points (-12.2 y/y), reflecting challenges from adverse weather patterns or reduced cultivated areas affecting crop yields.
Animal Production
In 2024, animal production volume in Romania increased to 107.25 index points (+13.1 y/y), reflecting steady expansion in livestock herds and more stable supply chains responding to sustained demand across EU markets.
Fruit Production
In 2024, fruit production volume in Romania fell to 93.04 index points (-7 y/y), reflecting notable challenges from late frosts, drought conditions, or pest pressures affecting fruit-growing areas across the EU.
Fresh Vegetable Production
In 2024, fresh vegetable production volume in Romania fell to 91.17 index points (-4.4 y/y), suggesting modest challenges in cultivation practices or shifts in production focus toward higher-value specialty crops.
Cereal Production
In 2024, cereal production (including seeds) volume in Romania fell to 85.65 index points (-24.7 y/y), as weather volatility and slight reductions in planting area affected harvest outcomes in key grain-producing countries.
Cattle Production
In 2024, cattle production volume in Romania increased to 136.93 index points (+53.6 y/y), with steady herd management and improved breeding practices contributing to stable output levels across EU beef and dairy operations.
Pig Production
In 2024, pig production volume in Romania increased to 104.17 index points (+5.2 y/y), as the sector expanded herd capacity and enhanced efficiency through modern production systems and feed optimisation strategies.
Poultry Production
In 2024, poultry production volume in Romania rose to 107.66 index points (+3.8 y/y), reflecting robust growth driven by strong consumer demand for poultry products and the sector's ability to scale production efficiently.
Other Production Categories
In addition to the main production categories highlighted above, Economic Accounts for Agriculture track numerous other agricultural products in Romania:
- Wheat and spelt: 96.57 index points (-14.4 y/y)
- Milk: 106.55 index points (+10.3 y/y)
- Eggs: 95.45 index points (-1.8 y/y)
- Potatoes (including seeds): 88.2 index points (-1 y/y)
- Tomatoes: 93.65 index points (+0.57 y/y)
- Sheep and goats: 144.37 index points (+82.3 y/y)
- Barley: 110.38 index points (-6.9 y/y)
- Oats and summer cereal mixtures: 92.38 index points (+1.9 y/y)
Gross Value Added
In 2024, gross value added at basic prices in Romania decreased to 94.2 index points (-5.5 y/y), suggesting pressures from lower farmgate prices or efficiency challenges affecting the sector's economic performance.
Net Value Added
In 2024, net value added at basic prices in Romania decreased to 85.06 index points (-15.2 y/y), reflecting notable capital intensity increases or reduced margins affecting net returns after depreciation costs.
In 2024, gross fixed capital formation (excluding deductible VAT) in Romania rose to 137.29 index points (+63.1 y/y), reflecting robust investment activity in agricultural infrastructure, machinery, and technology, suggesting confidence in long-term sector prospects and modernization efforts.
Agricultural Subsidies
In 2011, agricultural subsidies on products in Romania rose to 103.6 index points (+14.1 y/y), with enhanced Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) measures and expanded support programs strengthening the financial foundation for EU farmers.
In recent period, agricultural taxes on products in Romania amounted to N/A index points, .
Intermediate Consumption
Intermediate consumption represents inputs used in the production process, including energy, feed, fertilizers, and other materials. These indicators show how agricultural inputs evolve:
- Total intermediate consumption: 96.86 index points (-4.5 y/y)
- Energy and lubricants: 96.8 index points (+6.5 y/y)
- Feedingstuffs (intermediate consumption): 105.38 index points (+11.9 y/y)
- Fertilizers and soil improvers: 87.37 index points (-11.8 y/y)
- Seeds and planting stock (intermediate consumption): 92.27 index points (-7.3 y/y)
Frequently Asked Questions
Agricultural production data from Eurostat's Economic Accounts for Agriculture is updated annually, typically released in the second half of the calendar year and covering data for the previous reporting year. All charts and indicators on this page update automatically when new data becomes available, enabling tracking of long-term trends.
The Economic Accounts for Agriculture (EAA, dataset code: aact_eaa05) is a comprehensive statistical framework developed by Eurostat that measures agricultural production, intermediate consumption, value added, and income from agricultural activities using national accounts methodology. EAA enables analysis of changes in the agricultural sector in both nominal terms (at current prices) and real terms (adjusted for inflation), providing insights into the structure and performance of Romania's farming sector.
Changes in agricultural production are measured using a year-on-year index (n-1 = 100), where the previous year serves as the base equal to 100. A value above 100 indicates growth compared to the previous year, while a value below 100 indicates a decline. For example, a value of 105 means a 5% increase in production volume. This approach eliminates the impact of inflation, showing real changes in output volumes rather than changes driven solely by price fluctuations.
Agricultural output in Romania is influenced by multiple factors:
- Weather conditions: temperature, precipitation, and extreme events
- Availability of inputs: energy, fertilizers, feed, and seeds
- Policy support mechanisms: Common Agricultural Policy subsidies and tax policies
- Market demand: both domestic and export markets
- Production technology: efficiency improvements and innovation
- Structural changes: shifts in farming practices and sector organization
Year-to-year variations often reflect the interaction of these factors, with weather patterns and input costs being particularly significant drivers of short-term fluctuations.
Agricultural Accounts in Other Countries
Compare Romania's results with other European economies to explore broader regional trends.
Methodology and Data Sources
All charts and indicators update automatically based on annual data published by Eurostat, typically released in the second half of the calendar year and covering data for the previous reporting year.