Net energy tax revenues and reform potential

Revenue potential from fossil fuel subsidy and carbon price reform shows how much revenues would increase if Net ECRs were raised to reach a carbon benchmark of EUR 120 per tonne of CO2 for all fossil fuels. Net energy tax revenues are a bottom-up estimate of the net revenues resulting from taxes and subsidies on energy, and the revenues from auctioning emissions permits for energy-related CO2.

A dataset of the Carbon Pricing and Energy Taxation (CPET) database.

Please cite the database as: OECD (2026), Carbon Pricing and Energy Taxation database, https://www.oecd.org/content/oecd/en/data/datasets/carbon-pricing-and-energy-taxation-database.html (accessed on Day Month Year)

The database is designed to track developments in energy taxation and carbon pricing across a broad set of countries. It spans 79 countries, covering approximately 82% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Carbon pricing instruments, i.e. carbon taxes and emissions trading systems (ETSs), as well as energy taxes and subsidies, are detailed by country, sector and energy product. The use of a common methodology ensures comparability across countries. Summary indicators facilitate cross-country and cross-sector comparisons, helping policy makers keep track of progress made and identify opportunities for reform.

Net effective carbon rates