R&D personnel and researchers by sector of performance, educational attainment level and sex

Last updated time
29/09/2026 23:00
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Filters

Annual
Total
Business enterprise sector
Less than primary, primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education (levels 0-4)
Females
Head count
Poland

R&D personnel and researchers by sector of performance, educational attainment level and sex

20132024

Researchers by education level and sex and country in 2024 (business enterprise sector, less than primary, primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education (levels 0-4), females, head count)

In 2024, Italy had the highest value (24,134) among 19 countries, while Malta had the lowest (53).

#CountryValueChange
1Italy24,134-8.7%
1Austria (2023)4,490+10.5%
2Poland6,254-2.6%
2Switzerland (2023)3,616-37.0%
3Spain3,586+1.5%
3Cyprus (2023)60+5.3%