Name: Research and development personnel by sector of performance
Creator: Eurostat

Share (in percent) of research and development personnel in the labour force, by sector of performance (business, government, higher education, private non profit), based on full-time equivalents.

R&D personnel by sector and country in 2024 (percentage of population in the labour force - numerator in full-time equivalent (FTE), business enterprise sector)

In 2024, Sweden had the highest value (1.71) among 30 countries.

#	Country	Value	Change
1	Sweden	1.71	-0.6%
1	Iceland (2023)	1.35	-11.8%
2	Belgium	1.52	0.0%
2	Switzerland (2023)	1.21	+7.1%
3	Netherlands	1.51	+4.9%
3	North Macedonia (2023)	0.07	+16.7%
4	Austria	1.46	+2.8%
5	Denmark	1.45	+2.8%
6	Finland	1.35	+4.7%
7	Germany	1.31	+1.6%
8	Slovenia	1.13	+0.9%
9	France	1.05	+1.9%
10	Czechia	1.01	-1.0%
11	Norway	1	-4.8%
11	Ireland	1	+1.0%
13	Luxembourg	0.89	-1.1%
14	Portugal	0.87	+8.8%
15	Hungary	0.8	+3.9%
16	Estonia	0.76	+16.9%
16	Italy	0.76	-6.2%
18	Poland	0.68	-1.4%
19	Türkiye	0.6	+7.1%
20	Spain	0.58	+1.8%
21	Greece	0.5	+2.0%
22	Bulgaria	0.49	+8.9%
22	Malta	0.49	+4.3%
24	Lithuania	0.45	+15.4%
25	Croatia	0.44	+4.8%
26	Slovakia	0.41	+10.8%
27	Serbia	0.26	+73.3%
28	Latvia	0.25	+19.0%

Research and development personnel by sector of performance

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Research and development personnel by sector of performance

R&D personnel by sector and country in 2024 (percentage of population in the labour force - numerator in full-time equivalent (FTE), business enterprise sector)

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